Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)2
Max Horiz Disp109.5 m at 11.1 km
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range, from the verified WoWS dispersion model:
Shell scatter width @ 5 km67.5 m
Horizontal scatter at a fixed 5 km, from the same verified dispersion model as the rows below - a knife-fight-range anchor comparable across ships.
Shell scatter width @ 10 km102 m
How wide your shells scatter at 10 km, from the same dispersion model as the max-range figure above. Picking a fixed range makes this number directly comparable from ship to ship: max-range dispersion makes a longer-range gun look worse even when it's tighter at any common range. The interactive Dispersion tab on the Charts card plots the full curve from 0 to max range.
Max Vert Disp65.7 m at 11.1 km
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range:
Shell scatter height @ 10 km59.2 m
How tall the same scatter ellipse is at 10 km. Comparable from ship to ship for the same reason as the width value above. The height/width ratio is a piecewise-linear curve through three points from the ship's own dispersion data: at 0 m, at m, and at 11081.4 m. Above the kink: , so .
Med Horiz Disp32.8 m at 11.1 km
50%-hit horizontal radius:
Med Vert Disp19.7 m at 11.1 km
50%-hit vertical radius:
Dispersion familyCruiser Disp.
Standard cruiser dispersion baseline.
AP Pen Close219.1 mm point-blank
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: . Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far54 mm at 11.1 km
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (11.1 km), where the shell has slowed to 302.7 m/s: .
AP pen 5 km111 mm
AP penetration at a fixed 5 km, read off the same PC-validated ballistic curve as AP Pen Close/Far: the shell's impact velocity at that range fed through the canonical community AP formula . Fixed anchors make ships directly comparable at the same fighting distance; the Charts card plots the full curve.
AP pen 10 km60 mm
AP penetration at a fixed 10 km, read off the same PC-validated ballistic curve as AP Pen Close/Far: the shell's impact velocity at that range fed through the canonical community AP formula . Fixed anchors make ships directly comparable at the same fighting distance; the Charts card plots the full curve.
AP flight time @ 10 km7.36 s
How long an AP shell takes to reach a target at a fixed 10 km, from the same numerically integrated trajectory the Charts card plots. The shell slows under quadratic air drag, , where is air density from a standard-atmosphere profile and bundles the shell's drag coefficient, caliber and mass: . That runs from a 835 m/s muzzle velocity in 0.02 s steps under gravity 9.8 m/s² until the shell lands, then divides by 2.77: the game clock runs faster than real time, and that factor was measured against stopwatch runs in the Training Room. Lower is better, since a faster shell is harder to dodge and needs less lead.
HE flight time @ 10 km6.32 s
How long an HE shell takes to reach a target at a fixed 10 km, from the same numerically integrated trajectory the Charts card plots. The shell slows under quadratic air drag, , where is air density from a standard-atmosphere profile and bundles the shell's drag coefficient, caliber and mass: . That runs from a 853 m/s muzzle velocity in 0.02 s steps under gravity 9.8 m/s² until the shell lands, then divides by 2.77: the game clock runs faster than real time, and that factor was measured against stopwatch runs in the Training Room. Lower is better, since a faster shell is harder to dodge and needs less lead.
HE penetration25 mm
25 mm ≈ 150 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch10 mm
floor(150 mm caliber / 14.3) = 10 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius10
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha5
Barrels that can bear on one beam (5 of 7); casemate/wing mounts only fire one side.
Turret turn time25.7 s
180 degrees / 7 deg/s traverse speed = 25.7 s.
HE full-salvo alpha11,000
2,200 HE damage x 5 broadside guns = 11,000.
AP full-salvo alphaInitial: 18,500 → 20,000
Zero upgrades: 3,700 AP damage x 5 broadside guns = 18,500. All upgrades (no reload/shell upgrades): 4,000 AP damage x 5 broadside guns = 20,000.
HE DPM55,000
11,000 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 12 s base reload = 55,000.
AP DPMInitial: 92,500 → 100,000
Zero upgrades: 18,500 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 12 s base reload = 92,500. All upgrades (no reload/shell upgrades): 20,000 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 12 s all-upgrades reload = 100,000.
Shells/min25
5 broadside guns x 60 / 12 s base reload = 25.
Fires/min2
25 shells/min x 8% fire chance = 2.
Torpedoes
Torpedo detectability1 km
Estimated torpedo reaction time7.3 s
detectability / (speed kt x 2.6855 game-speed factor, m/s per knot, calibrated from in-game measurement; the community's traditional 2.6 reads about 3% slower).
Torpedo speed51 kt
Travel time to max range58.5 s
range / (speed kt x 2.6855 game-speed factor, m/s per knot, calibrated from in-game measurement).
Torpedo module damage800
Per-torpedo module/blast damage parameter from in-game data. Most torpedoes carry 500 to 2,000; ships announced by WG as dealing increased module damage carry 9,000 to 12,000, so their hits knock out engines, rudders, and turrets far more often. Comparative figure; the exact module-HP conversion is not published.
Tube count4
2 launchers x 2 tubes.
Per-side salvo2 torpedoes
tube count / 2 (symmetric port/starboard launcher layout; common on cruisers and battleships with deck torpedoes).
Full-salvo damage33,068
All tubes hitting one target: tubes x per-torpedo simulated damage = 4 x 8,267 = 33,068.
Per-side salvo damage16,534
One side firing, all torpedoes hitting: per-side tubes x per-torpedo simulated damage = 2 x 8,267 = 16,534.
Damage Control Party