Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)2
Max Horiz Disp108.7 m at 11 km
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range, from the verified WoWS dispersion model:
Shell scatter width @ 5 km67.5 m
Horizontal scatter at a fixed 5 km, from the same verified dispersion model as the rows below - a knife-fight-range anchor comparable across ships.
Shell scatter width @ 10 km102 m
How wide your shells scatter at 10 km, from the same dispersion model as the max-range figure above. Picking a fixed range makes this number directly comparable from ship to ship: max-range dispersion makes a longer-range gun look worse even when it's tighter at any common range. The interactive Dispersion tab on the Charts card plots the full curve from 0 to max range.
Max Vert Disp65.2 m at 11 km
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range:
Shell scatter height @ 10 km59.4 m
How tall the same scatter ellipse is at 10 km. Comparable from ship to ship for the same reason as the width value above. The height/width ratio is a piecewise-linear curve through three points from the ship's own dispersion data: at 0 m, at m, and at 10970.3 m. Above the kink: , so .
Med Horiz Disp32.6 m at 11 km
50%-hit horizontal radius:
Med Vert Disp19.6 m at 11 km
50%-hit vertical radius:
Dispersion familyCruiser Disp.
Standard cruiser dispersion baseline.
AP Pen Close134.1 mm point-blank
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: . Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far29.1 mm at 11 km
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (11 km), where the shell has slowed to 236.1 m/s: .
AP pen 5 km59 mm
AP penetration at a fixed 5 km, read off the same PC-validated ballistic curve as AP Pen Close/Far: the shell's impact velocity at that range fed through the canonical community AP formula . Fixed anchors make ships directly comparable at the same fighting distance; the Charts card plots the full curve.
AP pen 10 km31 mm
AP penetration at a fixed 10 km, read off the same PC-validated ballistic curve as AP Pen Close/Far: the shell's impact velocity at that range fed through the canonical community AP formula . Fixed anchors make ships directly comparable at the same fighting distance; the Charts card plots the full curve.
AP flight time @ 10 km9.82 s
How long an AP shell takes to reach a target at a fixed 10 km, from the same numerically integrated trajectory the Charts card plots. The shell slows under quadratic air drag, , where is air density from a standard-atmosphere profile and bundles the shell's drag coefficient, caliber and mass: . That runs from a 715 m/s muzzle velocity in 0.02 s steps under gravity 9.8 m/s² until the shell lands, then divides by 2.77: the game clock runs faster than real time, and that factor was measured against stopwatch runs in the Training Room. Lower is better, since a faster shell is harder to dodge and needs less lead.
HE flight time @ 10 km10.07 s
How long an HE shell takes to reach a target at a fixed 10 km, from the same numerically integrated trajectory the Charts card plots. The shell slows under quadratic air drag, , where is air density from a standard-atmosphere profile and bundles the shell's drag coefficient, caliber and mass: . That runs from a 715 m/s muzzle velocity in 0.02 s steps under gravity 9.8 m/s² until the shell lands, then divides by 2.77: the game clock runs faster than real time, and that factor was measured against stopwatch runs in the Training Room. Lower is better, since a faster shell is harder to dodge and needs less lead.
HE penetration18 mm
18 mm ≈ 105 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch7 mm
floor(105 mm caliber / 14.3) = 7 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius3
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha6
Barrels that can bear on one beam (6 of 12); casemate/wing mounts only fire one side.
Turret turn time18 s
180 degrees / 10 deg/s traverse speed = 18 s.
HE full-salvo alpha7,200
1,200 HE damage x 6 broadside guns = 7,200.
AP full-salvo alpha13,800
2,300 AP damage x 6 broadside guns = 13,800.
HE DPM108,000
7,200 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 4 s base reload = 108,000.
AP DPM207,000
13,800 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 4 s base reload = 207,000.
Shells/min90
6 broadside guns x 60 / 4 s base reload = 90.
Fires/min4.5
90 shells/min x 5% fire chance = 4.5.
Damage Control Party