Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)2
Max Horiz Disp94.8 m at 10.6 km
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range, from the verified WoWS dispersion model:
Shell scatter width @ 5 km52.5 m
Horizontal scatter at a fixed 5 km, from the same verified dispersion model as the rows below - a knife-fight-range anchor comparable across ships.
Shell scatter width @ 10 km90 m
How wide your shells scatter at 10 km, from the same dispersion model as the max-range figure above. Picking a fixed range makes this number directly comparable from ship to ship: max-range dispersion makes a longer-range gun look worse even when it's tighter at any common range. The interactive Dispersion tab on the Charts card plots the full curve from 0 to max range.
Max Vert Disp56.9 m at 10.6 km
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range:
Shell scatter height @ 10 km52.9 m
How tall the same scatter ellipse is at 10 km. Comparable from ship to ship for the same reason as the width value above. The height/width ratio is a piecewise-linear curve through three points from the ship's own dispersion data: at 0 m, at m, and at 10645 m. Above the kink: , so .
Med Horiz Disp28.5 m at 10.6 km
50%-hit horizontal radius:
Med Vert Disp17.1 m at 10.6 km
50%-hit vertical radius:
AP Pen Close205.1 mm point-blank
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: . Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far58.6 mm at 10.6 km
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (10.6 km), where the shell has slowed to 403.5 m/s: .
AP pen 5 km126 mm
AP penetration at a fixed 5 km, read off the same PC-validated ballistic curve as AP Pen Close/Far: the shell's impact velocity at that range fed through the canonical community AP formula . Fixed anchors make ships directly comparable at the same fighting distance; the Charts card plots the full curve.
AP pen 10 km82 mm
AP penetration at a fixed 10 km, read off the same PC-validated ballistic curve as AP Pen Close/Far: the shell's impact velocity at that range fed through the canonical community AP formula . Fixed anchors make ships directly comparable at the same fighting distance; the Charts card plots the full curve.
HE flight time @ 10 km6.4 s
How long an HE shell takes to reach a target at a fixed 10 km, from the same numerically integrated trajectory the Charts card plots. The shell slows under quadratic air drag, , where is air density from a standard-atmosphere profile and bundles the shell's drag coefficient, caliber and mass: . That runs from a 808 m/s muzzle velocity in 0.02 s steps under gravity 9.8 m/s² until the shell lands, then divides by 2.77: the game clock runs faster than real time, and that factor was measured against stopwatch runs in the Training Room. Lower is better, since a faster shell is harder to dodge and needs less lead.
AP flight time @ 10 km6.4 s
How long an AP shell takes to reach a target at a fixed 10 km, from the same numerically integrated trajectory the Charts card plots. The shell slows under quadratic air drag, , where is air density from a standard-atmosphere profile and bundles the shell's drag coefficient, caliber and mass: . That runs from a 808 m/s muzzle velocity in 0.02 s steps under gravity 9.8 m/s² until the shell lands, then divides by 2.77: the game clock runs faster than real time, and that factor was measured against stopwatch runs in the Training Room. Lower is better, since a faster shell is harder to dodge and needs less lead.
HE penetration20 mm
In-game data: 20 mm = 127 mm caliber / 6.35 (non-standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch8 mm
floor(127 mm caliber / 14.3) = 8 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius7
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alphaInitial: 3 → 6
Stock guns: 3 of 3 barrels bear on one beam. Top guns: 6 of 6. Alpha and DPM pair each configuration's salvo with its own reload.
Turret turn time5 s
180 degrees / 36 deg/s traverse speed = 5 s.
HE full-salvo alphaInitial: 5,400 → 7,200
Zero upgrades: 1,800 HE damage x 3 broadside guns = 5,400. All upgrades (top gun, 6-gun broadside + top hull shells + Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 1,200 HE damage x 6 broadside guns = 7,200.
AP full-salvo alphaInitial: 7,050 → 10,200
Zero upgrades: 2,350 AP damage x 3 broadside guns = 7,050. All upgrades (top gun, 6-gun broadside + top hull shells + Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 1,700 AP damage x 6 broadside guns = 10,200.
HE DPMInitial: 147,273 → 127,059
Zero upgrades: 5,400 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 2.2 s base reload = 147,273. All upgrades (top gun, 6-gun broadside + top hull shells + Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 7,200 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 3.4 s all-upgrades reload = 127,059.
AP DPMInitial: 192,273 → 180,000
Zero upgrades: 7,050 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 2.2 s base reload = 192,273. All upgrades (top gun, 6-gun broadside + top hull shells + Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 10,200 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 3.4 s all-upgrades reload = 180,000.
Shells/minInitial: 81.8 → 105.9
Zero upgrades: 3 broadside guns x 60 / 2.2 s base reload = 81.8. All upgrades (top gun, 6-gun broadside + top hull shells + Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 6 broadside guns x 60 / 3.4 s all-upgrades reload = 105.9.
Fires/minInitial: 4.09 → 5.29
Zero upgrades: 81.8 shells/min x 5% fire chance = 4.09. All upgrades (top gun, 6-gun broadside + top hull shells + Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 105.9 shells/min x 5% fire chance = 5.29.
Torpedoes
Torpedo detectability0.8 km
Estimated torpedo reaction time4.8 s
detectability / (speed kt x 2.6855 game-speed factor, m/s per knot, calibrated from in-game measurement; the community's traditional 2.6 reads about 3% slower).
Torpedo speed62 kt
Travel time to max range99.1 s
range / (speed kt x 2.6855 game-speed factor, m/s per knot, calibrated from in-game measurement).
Torpedo module damage1,400
Per-torpedo module/blast damage parameter from in-game data. Most torpedoes carry 500 to 2,000; ships announced by WG as dealing increased module damage carry 9,000 to 12,000, so their hits knock out engines, rudders, and turrets far more often. Comparative figure; the exact module-HP conversion is not published.
Tube count8
2 launchers x 4 tubes.
Per-side salvo8 torpedoes
8 (centerline launchers train across - full salvo to either side).
Full-salvo damage156,536
All tubes hitting one target: tubes x per-torpedo simulated damage = 8 x 19,567 = 156,536.
Per-side salvo damage156,536
One side firing, all torpedoes hitting: per-side tubes x per-torpedo simulated damage = 8 x 19,567 = 156,536.
Damage Control Party
Smoke Generator
Torpedo Reload Booster
Engine Boost