Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)2
Max Horiz Disp96.8 m at 10.9 km
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range, from the verified WoWS dispersion model:
Shell scatter width @ 5 km52.5 m
Horizontal scatter at a fixed 5 km, from the same verified dispersion model as the rows below - a knife-fight-range anchor comparable across ships.
Shell scatter width @ 10 km90 m
How wide your shells scatter at 10 km, from the same dispersion model as the max-range figure above. Picking a fixed range makes this number directly comparable from ship to ship: max-range dispersion makes a longer-range gun look worse even when it's tighter at any common range. The interactive Dispersion tab on the Charts card plots the full curve from 0 to max range.
Max Vert Disp58.1 m at 10.9 km
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range:
Shell scatter height @ 10 km52.5 m
How tall the same scatter ellipse is at 10 km. Comparable from ship to ship for the same reason as the width value above. The height/width ratio is a piecewise-linear curve through three points from the ship's own dispersion data: at 0 m, at m, and at 10903 m. Above the kink: , so .
Med Horiz Disp29 m at 10.9 km
50%-hit horizontal radius:
Med Vert Disp17.4 m at 10.9 km
50%-hit vertical radius:
AP Pen Close216.9 mm point-blank
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: . Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far57.4 mm at 10.9 km
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (10.9 km), where the shell has slowed to 315 m/s: .
AP pen 5 km113 mm
AP penetration at a fixed 5 km, read off the same PC-validated ballistic curve as AP Pen Close/Far: the shell's impact velocity at that range fed through the canonical community AP formula . Fixed anchors make ships directly comparable at the same fighting distance; the Charts card plots the full curve.
AP pen 10 km63 mm
AP penetration at a fixed 10 km, read off the same PC-validated ballistic curve as AP Pen Close/Far: the shell's impact velocity at that range fed through the canonical community AP formula . Fixed anchors make ships directly comparable at the same fighting distance; the Charts card plots the full curve.
HE flight time @ 10 km7.27 s
How long an HE shell takes to reach a target at a fixed 10 km, from the same numerically integrated trajectory the Charts card plots. The shell slows under quadratic air drag, , where is air density from a standard-atmosphere profile and bundles the shell's drag coefficient, caliber and mass: . That runs from a 825 m/s muzzle velocity in 0.02 s steps under gravity 9.8 m/s² until the shell lands, then divides by 2.77: the game clock runs faster than real time, and that factor was measured against stopwatch runs in the Training Room. Lower is better, since a faster shell is harder to dodge and needs less lead.
AP flight time @ 10 km7.27 s
How long an AP shell takes to reach a target at a fixed 10 km, from the same numerically integrated trajectory the Charts card plots. The shell slows under quadratic air drag, , where is air density from a standard-atmosphere profile and bundles the shell's drag coefficient, caliber and mass: . That runs from a 825 m/s muzzle velocity in 0.02 s steps under gravity 9.8 m/s² until the shell lands, then divides by 2.77: the game clock runs faster than real time, and that factor was measured against stopwatch runs in the Training Room. Lower is better, since a faster shell is harder to dodge and needs less lead.
HE penetration20 mm
20 mm ≈ 120 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch8 mm
floor(120 mm caliber / 14.3) = 8 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius10
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha4
All 4 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time7.2 s
180 degrees / 25 deg/s traverse speed = 7.2 s.
HE full-salvo alpha7,000
1,750 HE damage x 4 broadside guns = 7,000.
AP full-salvo alpha8,400
2,100 AP damage x 4 broadside guns = 8,400.
HE DPMInitial: 233,333 → 262,500
Zero upgrades: 7,000 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 1.8 s base reload = 233,333. All upgrades (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 7,000 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 1.6 s all-upgrades reload = 262,500.
AP DPMInitial: 280,000 → 315,000
Zero upgrades: 8,400 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 1.8 s base reload = 280,000. All upgrades (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 8,400 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 1.6 s all-upgrades reload = 315,000.
Shells/minInitial: 133.3 → 150
Zero upgrades: 4 broadside guns x 60 / 1.8 s base reload = 133.3. All upgrades (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 4 broadside guns x 60 / 1.6 s all-upgrades reload = 150.
Fires/minInitial: 10.67 → 12
Zero upgrades: 133.3 shells/min x 8% fire chance = 10.67. All upgrades (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 150 shells/min x 8% fire chance = 12.
Damage Control Party
Smoke Generator
Sonar
Engine Boost