Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)2
Max Horiz Disp141.9 m at 15.8 km
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range, from the verified WoWS dispersion model:
Shell scatter width @ 5 km67.5 m
Horizontal scatter at a fixed 5 km, from the same verified dispersion model as the rows below - a knife-fight-range anchor comparable across ships.
Shell scatter width @ 10 km102 m
How wide your shells scatter at 10 km, from the same dispersion model as the max-range figure above. Picking a fixed range makes this number directly comparable from ship to ship: max-range dispersion makes a longer-range gun look worse even when it's tighter at any common range. The interactive Dispersion tab on the Charts card plots the full curve from 0 to max range.
Shell scatter width @ 15 km136.5 m
Horizontal scatter at a fixed 15 km, from the same verified dispersion model - the long-range anchor. Only shown when the ship's guns reach 15 km.
Max Vert Disp85.1 m at 15.8 km
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range:
Shell scatter height @ 10 km53.7 m
How tall the same scatter ellipse is at 10 km. Comparable from ship to ship for the same reason as the width value above. The height/width ratio is a piecewise-linear curve through three points from the ship's own dispersion data: at 0 m, at m, and at 15785 m. Above the kink: , so .
Med Horiz Disp42.6 m at 15.8 km
50%-hit horizontal radius:
Med Vert Disp25.5 m at 15.8 km
50%-hit vertical radius:
AP Pen Close310 mm point-blank
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: . Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far91.6 mm at 15.8 km
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (15.8 km), where the shell has slowed to 359.7 m/s: .
AP pen 5 km201 mm
AP penetration at a fixed 5 km, read off the same PC-validated ballistic curve as AP Pen Close/Far: the shell's impact velocity at that range fed through the canonical community AP formula . Fixed anchors make ships directly comparable at the same fighting distance; the Charts card plots the full curve.
AP pen 10 km133 mm
AP penetration at a fixed 10 km, read off the same PC-validated ballistic curve as AP Pen Close/Far: the shell's impact velocity at that range fed through the canonical community AP formula . Fixed anchors make ships directly comparable at the same fighting distance; the Charts card plots the full curve.
AP pen 15 km96 mm
AP penetration at a fixed 15 km, read off the same PC-validated ballistic curve as AP Pen Close/Far: the shell's impact velocity at that range fed through the canonical community AP formula . Fixed anchors make ships directly comparable at the same fighting distance; the Charts card plots the full curve.
HE flight time @ 10 km5.96 s
How long an HE shell takes to reach a target at a fixed 10 km, from the same numerically integrated trajectory the Charts card plots. The shell slows under quadratic air drag, , where is air density from a standard-atmosphere profile and bundles the shell's drag coefficient, caliber and mass: . That runs from a 870 m/s muzzle velocity in 0.02 s steps under gravity 9.8 m/s² until the shell lands, then divides by 2.77: the game clock runs faster than real time, and that factor was measured against stopwatch runs in the Training Room. Lower is better, since a faster shell is harder to dodge and needs less lead.
AP flight time @ 10 km5.77 s
How long an AP shell takes to reach a target at a fixed 10 km, from the same numerically integrated trajectory the Charts card plots. The shell slows under quadratic air drag, , where is air density from a standard-atmosphere profile and bundles the shell's drag coefficient, caliber and mass: . That runs from a 870 m/s muzzle velocity in 0.02 s steps under gravity 9.8 m/s² until the shell lands, then divides by 2.77: the game clock runs faster than real time, and that factor was measured against stopwatch runs in the Training Room. Lower is better, since a faster shell is harder to dodge and needs less lead.
HE penetration30 mm
In-game data: 30 mm = 152 mm caliber / 5.07 (non-standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch10 mm
floor(152 mm caliber / 14.3) = 10 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius15
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha12
All 12 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time15 s
180 degrees / 12 deg/s traverse speed = 15 s.
HE full-salvo alpha26,400
2,200 HE damage x 12 broadside guns = 26,400.
AP full-salvo alpha39,600
3,300 AP damage x 12 broadside guns = 39,600.
HE DPMInitial: 211,200 → 232,941
Zero upgrades: 26,400 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 7.5 s base reload = 211,200. All upgrades (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 26,400 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 6.8 s all-upgrades reload = 232,941.
AP DPMInitial: 316,800 → 349,412
Zero upgrades: 39,600 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 7.5 s base reload = 316,800. All upgrades (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 39,600 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 6.8 s all-upgrades reload = 349,412.
Shells/minInitial: 96 → 105.9
Zero upgrades: 12 broadside guns x 60 / 7.5 s base reload = 96. All upgrades (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 12 broadside guns x 60 / 6.8 s all-upgrades reload = 105.9.
Fires/minInitial: 11.52 → 12.71
Zero upgrades: 96 shells/min x 12% fire chance = 11.52. All upgrades (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 105.9 shells/min x 12% fire chance = 12.71.
Torpedoes
Torpedo detectability1.3 km
Estimated torpedo reaction time8.1 s
detectability / (speed kt x 2.6855 game-speed factor, m/s per knot, calibrated from in-game measurement; the community's traditional 2.6 reads about 3% slower).
Torpedo speed60 kt
Travel time to max range55.9 s
range / (speed kt x 2.6855 game-speed factor, m/s per knot, calibrated from in-game measurement).
Torpedo module damage1,100
Per-torpedo module/blast damage parameter from in-game data. Most torpedoes carry 500 to 2,000; ships announced by WG as dealing increased module damage carry 9,000 to 12,000, so their hits knock out engines, rudders, and turrets far more often. Comparative figure; the exact module-HP conversion is not published.
Tube count6
2 launchers x 3 tubes.
Per-side salvo3 torpedoes
tube count / 2 (symmetric port/starboard launcher layout; common on cruisers and battleships with deck torpedoes).
Full-salvo damage82,398
All tubes hitting one target: tubes x per-torpedo simulated damage = 6 x 13,733 = 82,398.
Per-side salvo damage41,199
One side firing, all torpedoes hitting: per-side tubes x per-torpedo simulated damage = 3 x 13,733 = 41,199.
Damage Control Party
Sonar
Defensive AA Fire
Engine Boost
Main Battery Reload Booster