Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)2
Max Horiz Disp140 m at 15.5 km
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range, from the verified WoWS dispersion model:
Shell scatter width @ 5 km67.5 m
Horizontal scatter at a fixed 5 km, from the same verified dispersion model as the rows below - a knife-fight-range anchor comparable across ships.
Shell scatter width @ 10 km102 m
How wide your shells scatter at 10 km, from the same dispersion model as the max-range figure above. Picking a fixed range makes this number directly comparable from ship to ship: max-range dispersion makes a longer-range gun look worse even when it's tighter at any common range. The interactive Dispersion tab on the Charts card plots the full curve from 0 to max range.
Shell scatter width @ 15 km136.5 m
Horizontal scatter at a fixed 15 km, from the same verified dispersion model - the long-range anchor. Only shown when the ship's guns reach 15 km.
Max Vert Disp84 m at 15.5 km
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range:
Shell scatter height @ 10 km54 m
How tall the same scatter ellipse is at 10 km. Comparable from ship to ship for the same reason as the width value above. The height/width ratio is a piecewise-linear curve through three points from the ship's own dispersion data: at 0 m, at m, and at 15501 m. Above the kink: , so .
Med Horiz Disp42 m at 15.5 km
50%-hit horizontal radius:
Med Vert Disp25.2 m at 15.5 km
50%-hit vertical radius:
AP Pen Close339.7 mm point-blank
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: . Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far95.6 mm at 15.5 km
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (15.5 km), where the shell has slowed to 379 m/s: .
AP pen 5 km217 mm
AP penetration at a fixed 5 km, read off the same PC-validated ballistic curve as AP Pen Close/Far: the shell's impact velocity at that range fed through the canonical community AP formula . Fixed anchors make ships directly comparable at the same fighting distance; the Charts card plots the full curve.
AP pen 10 km142 mm
AP penetration at a fixed 10 km, read off the same PC-validated ballistic curve as AP Pen Close/Far: the shell's impact velocity at that range fed through the canonical community AP formula . Fixed anchors make ships directly comparable at the same fighting distance; the Charts card plots the full curve.
AP pen 15 km99 mm
AP penetration at a fixed 15 km, read off the same PC-validated ballistic curve as AP Pen Close/Far: the shell's impact velocity at that range fed through the canonical community AP formula . Fixed anchors make ships directly comparable at the same fighting distance; the Charts card plots the full curve.
HE flight time @ 10 km5.34 s
How long an HE shell takes to reach a target at a fixed 10 km, from the same numerically integrated trajectory the Charts card plots. The shell slows under quadratic air drag, , where is air density from a standard-atmosphere profile and bundles the shell's drag coefficient, caliber and mass: . That runs from a 950 m/s muzzle velocity in 0.02 s steps under gravity 9.8 m/s² until the shell lands, then divides by 2.77: the game clock runs faster than real time, and that factor was measured against stopwatch runs in the Training Room. Lower is better, since a faster shell is harder to dodge and needs less lead.
AP flight time @ 10 km5.34 s
How long an AP shell takes to reach a target at a fixed 10 km, from the same numerically integrated trajectory the Charts card plots. The shell slows under quadratic air drag, , where is air density from a standard-atmosphere profile and bundles the shell's drag coefficient, caliber and mass: . That runs from a 950 m/s muzzle velocity in 0.02 s steps under gravity 9.8 m/s² until the shell lands, then divides by 2.77: the game clock runs faster than real time, and that factor was measured against stopwatch runs in the Training Room. Lower is better, since a faster shell is harder to dodge and needs less lead.
HE penetration30 mm
In-game data: 30 mm = 152 mm caliber / 5.07 (non-standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch10 mm
floor(152 mm caliber / 14.3) = 10 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius15
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha8
All 8 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time13.8 s
180 degrees / 13 deg/s traverse speed = 13.8 s.
HE full-salvo alpha17,600
2,200 HE damage x 8 broadside guns = 17,600.
AP full-salvo alpha26,400
3,300 AP damage x 8 broadside guns = 26,400.
HE DPMInitial: 182,069 → 203,077
Zero upgrades: 17,600 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 5.8 s base reload = 182,069. All upgrades (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 17,600 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 5.2 s all-upgrades reload = 203,077.
AP DPMInitial: 273,103 → 304,615
Zero upgrades: 26,400 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 5.8 s base reload = 273,103. All upgrades (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 26,400 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 5.2 s all-upgrades reload = 304,615.
Shells/minInitial: 82.8 → 92.3
Zero upgrades: 8 broadside guns x 60 / 5.8 s base reload = 82.8. All upgrades (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 8 broadside guns x 60 / 5.2 s all-upgrades reload = 92.3.
Fires/minInitial: 9.93 → 11.08
Zero upgrades: 82.8 shells/min x 12% fire chance = 9.93. All upgrades (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 92.3 shells/min x 12% fire chance = 11.08.
Torpedoes
Torpedo detectability1.1 km
Estimated torpedo reaction time6.3 s
detectability / (speed kt x 2.6855 game-speed factor, m/s per knot, calibrated from in-game measurement; the community's traditional 2.6 reads about 3% slower).
Torpedo speed65 kt
Travel time to max range45.8 s
range / (speed kt x 2.6855 game-speed factor, m/s per knot, calibrated from in-game measurement).
Torpedo module damage1,100
Per-torpedo module/blast damage parameter from in-game data. Most torpedoes carry 500 to 2,000; ships announced by WG as dealing increased module damage carry 9,000 to 12,000, so their hits knock out engines, rudders, and turrets far more often. Comparative figure; the exact module-HP conversion is not published.
Tube count10
2 launchers x 5 tubes.
Per-side salvo5 torpedoes
tube count / 2 (symmetric port/starboard launcher layout; common on cruisers and battleships with deck torpedoes).
Full-salvo damage140,000
All tubes hitting one target: tubes x per-torpedo simulated damage = 10 x 14,000 = 140,000.
Per-side salvo damage70,000
One side firing, all torpedoes hitting: per-side tubes x per-torpedo simulated damage = 5 x 14,000 = 70,000.
Damage Control Party
Sonar
Defensive AA Fire
Surveillance Radar
Repair Party