Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)1.9
Max Horiz Disp197.6 m at 17.8 km
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range, from the verified WoWS dispersion model:
Shell scatter width @ 5 km90 m
Horizontal scatter at a fixed 5 km, from the same verified dispersion model as the rows below - a knife-fight-range anchor comparable across ships.
Shell scatter width @ 10 km132 m
How wide your shells scatter at 10 km, from the same dispersion model as the max-range figure above. Picking a fixed range makes this number directly comparable from ship to ship: max-range dispersion makes a longer-range gun look worse even when it's tighter at any common range. The interactive Dispersion tab on the Charts card plots the full curve from 0 to max range.
Shell scatter width @ 15 km174 m
Horizontal scatter at a fixed 15 km, from the same verified dispersion model - the long-range anchor. Only shown when the ship's guns reach 15 km.
Max Vert Disp118.6 m at 17.8 km
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range:
Shell scatter height @ 10 km67.6 m
How tall the same scatter ellipse is at 10 km. Comparable from ship to ship for the same reason as the width value above. The height/width ratio is a piecewise-linear curve through three points from the ship's own dispersion data: at 0 m, at m, and at 17815 m. Above the kink: , so .
Med Horiz Disp62.4 m at 17.8 km
50%-hit horizontal radius:
Med Vert Disp37.4 m at 17.8 km
50%-hit vertical radius:
AP Pen Close761.8 mm point-blank
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: . Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far461.5 mm at 17.8 km
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (17.8 km), where the shell has slowed to 577.2 m/s: .
AP pen 5 km655 mm
AP penetration at a fixed 5 km, read off the same PC-validated ballistic curve as AP Pen Close/Far: the shell's impact velocity at that range fed through the canonical community AP formula . Fixed anchors make ships directly comparable at the same fighting distance; the Charts card plots the full curve.
AP pen 10 km566 mm
AP penetration at a fixed 10 km, read off the same PC-validated ballistic curve as AP Pen Close/Far: the shell's impact velocity at that range fed through the canonical community AP formula . Fixed anchors make ships directly comparable at the same fighting distance; the Charts card plots the full curve.
AP pen 15 km495 mm
AP penetration at a fixed 15 km, read off the same PC-validated ballistic curve as AP Pen Close/Far: the shell's impact velocity at that range fed through the canonical community AP formula . Fixed anchors make ships directly comparable at the same fighting distance; the Charts card plots the full curve.
AP flight time @ 10 km4.87 s
How long an AP shell takes to reach a target at a fixed 10 km, from the same numerically integrated trajectory the Charts card plots. The shell slows under quadratic air drag, , where is air density from a standard-atmosphere profile and bundles the shell's drag coefficient, caliber and mass: . That runs from a 830 m/s muzzle velocity in 0.02 s steps under gravity 9.8 m/s² until the shell lands, then divides by 2.77: the game clock runs faster than real time, and that factor was measured against stopwatch runs in the Training Room. Lower is better, since a faster shell is harder to dodge and needs less lead.
HE flight time @ 10 km4.87 s
How long an HE shell takes to reach a target at a fixed 10 km, from the same numerically integrated trajectory the Charts card plots. The shell slows under quadratic air drag, , where is air density from a standard-atmosphere profile and bundles the shell's drag coefficient, caliber and mass: . That runs from a 830 m/s muzzle velocity in 0.02 s steps under gravity 9.8 m/s² until the shell lands, then divides by 2.77: the game clock runs faster than real time, and that factor was measured against stopwatch runs in the Training Room. Lower is better, since a faster shell is harder to dodge and needs less lead.
HE penetration63 mm
63 mm ≈ 380 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch26 mm
floor(380 mm caliber / 14.3) = 26 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius120
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha8
All 8 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time36 s
180 degrees / 5 deg/s traverse speed = 36 s.
HE full-salvo alpha43,200
5,400 HE damage x 8 broadside guns = 43,200.
AP full-salvo alpha104,000
13,000 AP damage x 8 broadside guns = 104,000.
HE DPMInitial: 92,571 → 102,857
Zero upgrades: 43,200 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 28 s base reload = 92,571. All upgrades (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 43,200 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 25.2 s all-upgrades reload = 102,857.
AP DPMInitial: 222,857 → 247,619
Zero upgrades: 104,000 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 28 s base reload = 222,857. All upgrades (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 104,000 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 25.2 s all-upgrades reload = 247,619.
Shells/minInitial: 17.1 → 19
Zero upgrades: 8 broadside guns x 60 / 28 s base reload = 17.1. All upgrades (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 8 broadside guns x 60 / 25.2 s all-upgrades reload = 19.
Fires/minInitial: 6.17 → 6.86
Zero upgrades: 17.1 shells/min x 36% fire chance = 6.17. All upgrades (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 19 shells/min x 36% fire chance = 6.86.
AA defense
AA DPS at max range73
Only families that reach 5 km contribute at the outer edge of the AA bubble. In-game families: 37 50 CAD Mle 1933 8x2 -> 24 DPS @ 3 km; 37 50 ACAD 8x2 -> 131 DPS @ 3.5 km; 25mm Hotchkiss Mle 1940 9x2 -> 76 DPS @ 3.1 km; 100mm 45 Mle 1933 8x2 -> 53 DPS @ 5 km; 152 55 Mle 1936 3x3 -> 20 DPS @ 5 km.
Maximum AA range5 km
Longest-reaching family on the in-game AA card. Base AirDefense aura max range is 3.5 km; dual-purpose mount auras extend it.
AA DPS layered by range73 DPS @ 5 km, 204 DPS @ 3.5 km, 280 DPS @ 3.1 km, 304 DPS @ 3 km
Cumulative AA DPS at each family range threshold. Inner ranges stack the outer families, so a target closing the distance hits stronger AA bubbles as it crosses each band.
AA DPS at point-blank304
Sum of every family's average DPS, achievable only inside the closest-range family (3 km).
AA threat index1131
SUM over AA auras of (aura DPS x aura range km). A plane crossing the AA bubble is exposed to each aura for a time proportional to that aura's range, so long-reach DPS is worth more than the same DPS in a short bubble. Units: DPS*km; used to rank overall AA threat across the cohort.
Near aura range3.1 km
Damage Control Party
Repair Party
Catapult Fighter
Observation Seaplane
Secondary Battery Booster
Engine Boost