Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)1.7
Max Horiz Disp224 m at 16.1 km
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range, from the verified WoWS dispersion model:
Shell scatter width @ 5 km115 m
Horizontal scatter at a fixed 5 km, from the same verified dispersion model as the rows below - a knife-fight-range anchor comparable across ships.
Shell scatter width @ 10 km164 m
How wide your shells scatter at 10 km, from the same dispersion model as the max-range figure above. Picking a fixed range makes this number directly comparable from ship to ship: max-range dispersion makes a longer-range gun look worse even when it's tighter at any common range. The interactive Dispersion tab on the Charts card plots the full curve from 0 to max range.
Shell scatter width @ 15 km213 m
Horizontal scatter at a fixed 15 km, from the same verified dispersion model - the long-range anchor. Only shown when the ship's guns reach 15 km.
Max Vert Disp134.4 m at 16.1 km
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range:
Shell scatter height @ 10 km85.9 m
How tall the same scatter ellipse is at 10 km. Comparable from ship to ship for the same reason as the width value above. The height/width ratio is a piecewise-linear curve through three points from the ship's own dispersion data: at 0 m, at m, and at 16118 m. Above the kink: , so .
Med Horiz Disp79 m at 16.1 km
50%-hit horizontal radius:
Med Vert Disp47.4 m at 16.1 km
50%-hit vertical radius:
AP Pen Close713.2 mm point-blank
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: . Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far410.6 mm at 16.1 km
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (16.1 km), where the shell has slowed to 583.1 m/s: .
AP pen 5 km595 mm
AP penetration at a fixed 5 km, read off the same PC-validated ballistic curve as AP Pen Close/Far: the shell's impact velocity at that range fed through the canonical community AP formula . Fixed anchors make ships directly comparable at the same fighting distance; the Charts card plots the full curve.
AP pen 10 km500 mm
AP penetration at a fixed 10 km, read off the same PC-validated ballistic curve as AP Pen Close/Far: the shell's impact velocity at that range fed through the canonical community AP formula . Fixed anchors make ships directly comparable at the same fighting distance; the Charts card plots the full curve.
AP pen 15 km425 mm
AP penetration at a fixed 15 km, read off the same PC-validated ballistic curve as AP Pen Close/Far: the shell's impact velocity at that range fed through the canonical community AP formula . Fixed anchors make ships directly comparable at the same fighting distance; the Charts card plots the full curve.
AP flight time @ 10 km4.75 s
How long an AP shell takes to reach a target at a fixed 10 km, from the same numerically integrated trajectory the Charts card plots. The shell slows under quadratic air drag, , where is air density from a standard-atmosphere profile and bundles the shell's drag coefficient, caliber and mass: . That runs from a 870 m/s muzzle velocity in 0.02 s steps under gravity 9.8 m/s² until the shell lands, then divides by 2.77: the game clock runs faster than real time, and that factor was measured against stopwatch runs in the Training Room. Lower is better, since a faster shell is harder to dodge and needs less lead.
HE flight time @ 10 km4.71 s
How long an HE shell takes to reach a target at a fixed 10 km, from the same numerically integrated trajectory the Charts card plots. The shell slows under quadratic air drag, , where is air density from a standard-atmosphere profile and bundles the shell's drag coefficient, caliber and mass: . That runs from a 885 m/s muzzle velocity in 0.02 s steps under gravity 9.8 m/s² until the shell lands, then divides by 2.77: the game clock runs faster than real time, and that factor was measured against stopwatch runs in the Training Room. Lower is better, since a faster shell is harder to dodge and needs less lead.
HE penetration55 mm
55 mm ≈ 330 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch23 mm
floor(330 mm caliber / 14.3) = 23 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius50
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha8
All 8 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time36 s
180 degrees / 5 deg/s traverse speed = 36 s.
HE full-salvo alpha38,400
4,800 HE damage x 8 broadside guns = 38,400.
AP full-salvo alpha77,600
9,700 AP damage x 8 broadside guns = 77,600.
HE DPM82,286
38,400 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 28 s base reload = 82,286.
AP DPM166,286
77,600 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 28 s base reload = 166,286.
Shells/min17.1
8 broadside guns x 60 / 28 s base reload = 17.1.
Fires/min6
17.1 shells/min x 35% fire chance = 6.
AA defense
AA DPS at max range65
Only families that reach 5.2 km contribute at the outer edge of the AA bubble. In-game families: 37 50 CAD Mle 1933 5x2 -> 21 DPS @ 3 km; 13 2 76 Hotchkiss CAQ Mle 1929 quad 8x4 -> 78 DPS @ 1.2 km; 130 45 Mle 1932 quad 2x4 -> 26 DPS @ 5.2 km; 130 45 Mle 1932 twin 2x2 -> 26 DPS @ 5.2 km; 130 45 Mle 1932 quad prem 1x4 -> 13 DPS @ 5.2 km.
Maximum AA range5.2 km
Longest-reaching family on the in-game AA card. Base AirDefense aura max range is 3 km; dual-purpose mount auras extend it.
AA DPS layered by range65 DPS @ 5.2 km, 86 DPS @ 3 km, 164 DPS @ 1.2 km
Cumulative AA DPS at each family range threshold. Inner ranges stack the outer families, so a target closing the distance hits stronger AA bubbles as it crosses each band.
AA DPS at point-blank164
Sum of every family's average DPS, achievable only inside the closest-range family (1.2 km).
AA threat index495
SUM over AA auras of (aura DPS x aura range km). A plane crossing the AA bubble is exposed to each aura for a time proportional to that aura's range, so long-reach DPS is worth more than the same DPS in a short bubble. Units: DPS*km; used to rank overall AA threat across the cohort.
Near aura range1.2 km
Damage Control Party
Repair Party
Catapult Fighter
Observation Seaplane
Secondary Battery Booster
