Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)2
Max Horiz Disp94.7 m at 10.6 km
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range, from the verified WoWS dispersion model:
Shell scatter width @ 5 km52.5 m
Horizontal scatter at a fixed 5 km, from the same verified dispersion model as the rows below - a knife-fight-range anchor comparable across ships.
Shell scatter width @ 10 km90 m
How wide your shells scatter at 10 km, from the same dispersion model as the max-range figure above. Picking a fixed range makes this number directly comparable from ship to ship: max-range dispersion makes a longer-range gun look worse even when it's tighter at any common range. The interactive Dispersion tab on the Charts card plots the full curve from 0 to max range.
Max Vert Disp56.8 m at 10.6 km
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range:
Shell scatter height @ 10 km52.9 m
How tall the same scatter ellipse is at 10 km. Comparable from ship to ship for the same reason as the width value above. The height/width ratio is a piecewise-linear curve through three points from the ship's own dispersion data: at 0 m, at m, and at 10633 m. Above the kink: , so .
Med Horiz Disp28.4 m at 10.6 km
50%-hit horizontal radius:
Med Vert Disp17.1 m at 10.6 km
50%-hit vertical radius:
AP Pen Close208.9 mm point-blank
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: . Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far43 mm at 10.6 km
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (10.6 km), where the shell has slowed to 256.9 m/s: .
AP pen 5 km92 mm
AP penetration at a fixed 5 km, read off the same PC-validated ballistic curve as AP Pen Close/Far: the shell's impact velocity at that range fed through the canonical community AP formula . Fixed anchors make ships directly comparable at the same fighting distance; the Charts card plots the full curve.
AP pen 10 km46 mm
AP penetration at a fixed 10 km, read off the same PC-validated ballistic curve as AP Pen Close/Far: the shell's impact velocity at that range fed through the canonical community AP formula . Fixed anchors make ships directly comparable at the same fighting distance; the Charts card plots the full curve.
HE flight time @ 10 km8.6 s
How long an HE shell takes to reach a target at a fixed 10 km, from the same numerically integrated trajectory the Charts card plots. The shell slows under quadratic air drag, , where is air density from a standard-atmosphere profile and bundles the shell's drag coefficient, caliber and mass: . That runs from a 808 m/s muzzle velocity in 0.02 s steps under gravity 9.8 m/s² until the shell lands, then divides by 2.77: the game clock runs faster than real time, and that factor was measured against stopwatch runs in the Training Room. Lower is better, since a faster shell is harder to dodge and needs less lead.
AP flight time @ 10 km8.6 s
How long an AP shell takes to reach a target at a fixed 10 km, from the same numerically integrated trajectory the Charts card plots. The shell slows under quadratic air drag, , where is air density from a standard-atmosphere profile and bundles the shell's drag coefficient, caliber and mass: . That runs from a 808 m/s muzzle velocity in 0.02 s steps under gravity 9.8 m/s² until the shell lands, then divides by 2.77: the game clock runs faster than real time, and that factor was measured against stopwatch runs in the Training Room. Lower is better, since a faster shell is harder to dodge and needs less lead.
HE penetration20 mm
20 mm ≈ 120 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch8 mm
floor(120 mm caliber / 14.3) = 8 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius8
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha8
All 8 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time18 s
180 degrees / 10 deg/s traverse speed = 18 s.
HE full-salvo alpha13,600
1,700 HE damage x 8 broadside guns = 13,600.
AP full-salvo alpha16,800
2,100 AP damage x 8 broadside guns = 16,800.
HE DPM163,200
13,600 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 5 s base reload = 163,200.
AP DPM201,600
16,800 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 5 s base reload = 201,600.
Shells/min96
8 broadside guns x 60 / 5 s base reload = 96.
Fires/min7.68
96 shells/min x 8% fire chance = 7.68.
Torpedoes
Torpedo detectability1.3 km
Estimated torpedo reaction time7.9 s
detectability / (speed kt x 2.6855 game-speed factor, m/s per knot, calibrated from in-game measurement; the community's traditional 2.6 reads about 3% slower).
Torpedo speed61 kt
Travel time to max range48.9 s
range / (speed kt x 2.6855 game-speed factor, m/s per knot, calibrated from in-game measurement).
Torpedo module damage1,100
Per-torpedo module/blast damage parameter from in-game data. Most torpedoes carry 500 to 2,000; ships announced by WG as dealing increased module damage carry 9,000 to 12,000, so their hits knock out engines, rudders, and turrets far more often. Comparative figure; the exact module-HP conversion is not published.
Tube count4
1 launchers x 4 tubes.
Per-side salvo4 torpedoes
4 (centerline launchers train across - full salvo to either side).
Full-salvo damage57,332
All tubes hitting one target: tubes x per-torpedo simulated damage = 4 x 14,333 = 57,332.
Per-side salvo damage57,332
One side firing, all torpedoes hitting: per-side tubes x per-torpedo simulated damage = 4 x 14,333 = 57,332.
AA defense
AA DPS at max range42
Only families that reach 2.5 km contribute at the outer edge of the AA bubble. In-game families: 2 pdr MkVII Quad 1x4 -> 42 DPS @ 2.5 km; 12mm62 HI 2x4 -> 17 DPS @ 1.2 km.
Maximum AA range2.5 km
Longest-reaching family on the in-game AA card. Base AirDefense aura max range is 2.5 km; dual-purpose mount auras extend it.
AA DPS layered by range42 DPS @ 2.5 km, 59 DPS @ 1.2 km
Cumulative AA DPS at each family range threshold. Inner ranges stack the outer families, so a target closing the distance hits stronger AA bubbles as it crosses each band.
AA DPS at point-blank59
Sum of every family's average DPS, achievable only inside the closest-range family (1.2 km).
AA threat index125
SUM over AA auras of (aura DPS x aura range km). A plane crossing the AA bubble is exposed to each aura for a time proportional to that aura's range, so long-reach DPS is worth more than the same DPS in a short bubble. Units: DPS*km; used to rank overall AA threat across the cohort.
Near aura range1.2 km
Damage Control Party
Smoke Generator
Engine Boost
Sonar